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Saccharum officinarum
''Saccharum officinarum'', sugarcane, is a large, strong-growing species of grass in the genus ''Saccharum''. It originated in southeast Asia〔In New Guinea, according to sources cited by Christian Daniels in Joseph Needham, ''Science and Civilisation in China'', Volume 6.3, p. 129ff.〕 and is now cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide for the production of sugar and other products.
==Description==
''S. officinarum'', a perennial plant, grows in clumps consisting of a number of strong unbranched stems. A network of rhizomes forms under the soil which sends up secondary shoots near the parent plant. The stems vary in colour, being green, pinkish, or purple and can reach in height. They are jointed, nodes being present at the bases of the alternate leaves. The internodes contain a fibrous white pith immersed in sugary sap. The elongated, linear, green leaves have thick midribs and saw-toothed edges and grow to a length of about and width of . The terminal inflorescence is a panicle up to long, a pinkish plume that is broadest at the base and tapering towards the top. The spikelets are borne on side branches and are about long and are concealed in tufts of long, silky hair. The fruits are dry and each one contains a single seed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Saccharum officinarum'' )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Saccharum officinarum'' L. )〕 Sugarcane harvest typically occurs before the plants flower, as the flowering process causes a reduction in sugar content.〔"(The Biology and Ecology of Sugarcane (''Saccharum'' spp. hybrids) in Australia ), Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing, Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, 2004; p. 10.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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